Abstract: Objective To compare clinical effect of improved bilateral sacrospinous ligament fixation and laparoscopic vaginal sacral fixation in treatment of female pelvic organ prolapse(POP). Methods Sixty patients with POP were randomly divided into study group(n=30)and control group(n=30). The study group was treated with improved bilateral sacral spine ligament fixation, while the control group was treated with laparoscopic vaginal sacral fixation. Operation time, bleeding volume, postoperative Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score, hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, and clinical effect were observed. After follow-up for six months, the scores of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Disease Symptom Questionnaire(PFDI-20)and Pelvic Organ Prolapse Sexual Quality Questionnaire(PISQ-12)were compared between the two groups. Results The operative time, bleeding volume, postoperative VAS score, hospitalization time and hospitalization cost of the study group were significantly lower or shorter than those of the control group(P<0.05). Pop-Q values of patients in both groups significantly decreased at 6 months after surgery when compared with those before surgery(P<0.05). The POP-Q values 6 months after operation between the two groups showed no statistically significant differences(P>0.05). Postoperative PFDI-20 scores after treatment in two groups were significantly lower, and PISQ-12 score was significantly increased than those before surgery(P<0.05). The incidence rates of postoperative complications in the two groups showed no significant differences(P>0.05). Conclusion Modified transvaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation has better therapeutic effect as well as advantages of simple operation, short operation time and quick recovery, and can relieve the economic burden of patients.