小儿接种狂犬病疫苗不良反应的观察及护理干预

Observation on adverse reactions after rabies vaccine inoculation in children and its nursing intervention

摘要:
目的探讨小儿接种狂犬病疫苗发生不良反应的观察及护理干预经验。
方法回顾性分析接种狂犬病疫苗后发生不良反应的17例患儿的临床资料, 总结护理要点。
结果 17例患儿发生不良反应，其中局部反应3例次，过敏性皮疹5例次，过敏性紫癜1例次，血管神经性水肿1例次，高热7例次，胃肠道反应2例次。
结论小儿接种狂犬病疫苗有较高的不良反应发生率，在接种全程采取相应的护理干预措施，尤其是接种后的细致观察，能极大减轻患儿不适感，提高接种依从性。

Abstract:
Objective To observe the adverse reactions after rabies vaccine inoculation and its nursing measures.
Methods The clinical data of 17 children with adverse reactions after rabies vaccine inoculation in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the nursing strategies were summarized.
Results Adverse reaction was found in 17 children including 3 times of local reaction, 5 times of allergic erythra, one time of anaphylactoid purpura, one time of angioedema, 7 times of high fever and 2 times of gastrointestinal reactions.
Conclusion Children have higher incidence of adverse reactions after rabies vaccine inoculation. Careful observation after inoculation and the effective nursing intervention in overall process of inoculation can relieve discomfort and improve the compliance.