Abstract: Objective To explore role of damage control surgery in the treatment of patients with abdominal trauma and severe multiple injuries.Methods 60 elderly patients with abdominal trauma were collected and divided into death group (n =10)and survival group (n =50)according to the prognosis.According to the ISS score,patients were divided into group A (n =25,16 to 24 points),group B (n =23,25 to 34 points)and group C (n =12,>35 points).Death and survival cases in patients with craniocerebral injury,mean ISS value and complications,ISS score and the number of injury,surgical site number,deterministic operation time,blood transfusion amount, length of hospital stay,the relationship between complications and mortality were observed in both groups.Results There were significant differences of craniocerebral injury and complications in death and survival group (P <0.05).There were significant differences of ISS score in group A, group B and group C (P <0.01).Operation time,blood transfusion amount,length of hospital stay increased with the increasing of ISS score (P <0.01).There were significant differences of complications and death cases in group A,group B and group C (P <0.05).Conclusion ISS score can guide therapy and evaluate prognosis,and damage control surgery can significantly reduce the postoperative incidence rate of complications and mortality in elderly patients with trauma.