Objective To verify the feasibility of anastomosing the epiphyseal artery of the pig femoral head in vivo in the first stage of reconstruction of the blood supply of the femoral head.
Methods Nine ordinary Landrace pigs weighing about 100 kg were used to make subcephalic fractures of the femoral neck. The right hindlimb was used as experimental group, and the left hindlimb was used as control group. The epiphyseal artery was anastomosed in the femoral head after internal fixation in the experimental group, while no other treatment was done after internal fixation in the control group. The patency rate of anastomosis, the blood oozing rate of femoral head and the positive rate of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were observed and calculated during operation and 7 days after operation. The bilateral femoral heads were taken for histological examination at 7 days after operation.
Results In this study, one pig died during operation, and 8 pigs had complete data. In the experimental group, the intraoperative anastomotic patency rate was 100.0%, the intraoperative blood oozing rate of femoral head was 100.0%, and the intraoperative positive rate of DSA was 25.0%; at 7 days after operation in the experimental group, the intraoperative anastomotic patency rate was 12.5%, the intraoperative blood oozing rate of femoral head was 12.5%, and the intraoperative positive rate of DSA was 12.5%. Histological examination showed that the thickness of cartilage in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P < 0.01).
Conclusion It is feasible to reconstruct the blood supply of the femoral head by anastomosis of the internal epiphyseal artery of the femoral head in the first stage in living pigs, and the effect is effective in the short term.
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