Correlations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and adiponectin with cognitive function in patients with white matter lesions

Objective To explore the correlations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D25(OH)D, adiponectin with cognitive function in patients with white matter lesions(WML).

Methods A total of 112 patients with WML were enrolled as study objects. WML patients were divided into normal cognition group (MoCA score≥26, 45 cases) and cognitive impairment group (MoCA score < 26, 67 cases) according to the score of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA). The general data, laboratory examination index levels such as 25 (OH) D, adiponectin of the two groups were compared. The correlations of serum 25(OH)D and adiponectin with MoCA score in the cognitive impairment group were analyzed, and the influencing factors of cognitive impairment in WML patients were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.

Results The age, proportion of patients with hypertension and homocysteine level in the cognitive impairment group were higher than those in the normal cognition group, and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). The levels of 25(OH)D and adiponectin in the cognitive impairment group were (16.47±5.05) ng/mL and 6.54(5.72, 8.17) mg/L, respectively, which were lower than (21.08±5.46) ng/mL and 9.40 (7.48, 10.53) mg/L, respectively in the normal cognition group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, education level, smoking history, drinking history, complicating with diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose, uric acid and creatinine levels between the two groups (P>0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D and adiponectin level were positively correlated with MoCA score in cognitive impairment group (r=0.732, 0.534, P < 0.001). Binary Logistic regression results showed that age, homocysteine, 25(OH)D level and adiponectin were the influencing factors of cognitive impairment in WML patients.

Conclusion Serum 25(OH)D and adiponectin are related to cognitive impairment and may be its predictive factors of patients with WML.