Relationships between red blood cell distribution width and in-stent restenosis as well as prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention

  Objective  To investigate the relationships between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and postoperative in-stent restenosis (ISR) as well as prognosis in coronary heart disease patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

  Methods  A total of 280 patients diagnosed by coronary angiography and treated by PCI in authors' hospital from September 2017 to July 2021 were selected, and they were divided into ISR group (n=39) and non-ISR group (n=241) according to the review results. Incidence rate of primary endpoint events was counted, and the relationships between RDW and ISR as well as prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease after PCI were analyzed.

  Results  There were significant differences in the history of diabetes, history of smoking, RDW, serial stent, stent length and stent diameter between the ISR group and the non-ISR group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that history of diabetes, RDW, serial stent, stent length and stent diameter were the influencing factors for occurrence of ISR (P < 0.05). At the end of follow-up, 44 cases (15.71%) had endpoint events in all the 280 patients. All the 280 patients were divided into RDW>13% group (n=102) and RDW≤13% group (n=178), and there was a significant difference in primary endpoint events of prognosis between two groups (P < 0.05). Survival analysis showed that there was a significant difference in endpoint-free survival rate between patients with RDW>13% and RDW≤13% (P < 0.05), and the mean and median survival time of patients with RDW>13% were significantly shorter than those with RDW ≤13%. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that RDW had good predictive value for the prognosis of non-fatal myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, heart failure and cardiac death in patients with coronary heart disease (AUC=0.852, 0.788, 0.885, 0.918, P < 0.05).

  Conclusion  RDW can be used as an influencing factor of ISR after PCI in patients with coronary heart disease, and it has high predictive value for the prognosis of patients.