Relationship between serum myonectin and insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

  Objective  To explore the relationship between serum myonectin and insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM) patients.

  Methods  Totally 89 Uygur healthy people (control group), 128 Uygur patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT group) and 111 Uygur patients with nT2DM (nT2DM group) were selected as research objects. The levels of serum myonectin were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

  Results  Age, body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (FAT%), waist-hip ratio (WHR), triglyceride (TG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), blood glucose at 2 h after 75 g glucose load (2 hPG), plasma insulin at 2 h after 75 g glucose load (2 hINS), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and myonectin in the IGT group and the nT2DM group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the IGT group and the control group were higher than that in the nT2DM group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in FAT%, total cholesterol (TC), HbA1c, FBG, FINS, 2 hPG, 2 hINS, HOMA-IR and adiponectin between the IGT group and the nT2DM group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Myonectin was positively correlated with age, BMI, WHR, HbA1c, FBG, 2 hPG, FINS, 2 hINS and HOMA-IR (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with HDL-C (P < 0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that 2 hPG, 2 hINS and HOMA-IR were independent related factors affecting the level of myonectin (β=0.34, 0.42, 0.90, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the areas under the curve of serum myonectin in predicting IGT and T2DM were 0.72 and 0.92, respectively.

  Conclusion  The levels of serum myonectin increase significantly in T2DM and overweight/obese people. Myonectin is closely related to insulin resistance and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of T2DM and insulin resistance.