Objective To investigate the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) from 2019 to 2020 in Sanya City of Hainan Province and its association with dietary behaviors in pregnant women.
Methods Pregnant women who underwent archives construction and regulated prenatal examinations in the obstetrics department of two hospitals in Sanya City of Hainan Province from January 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled in the study. The basic clinical data and dietary behaviors of pregnant women were investigated, and the association between eating behaviors of pregnant women and the onset of GDM was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results Out of 20 086 pregnant women, a total of 3 173 pregnant women were diagnosed with GDM, with the incidence of GDM of 15.80%. Older age (OR=3.812), higher body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy (OR=2.473, 2.975), family history of diabetes (OR=2.730), higher frequency of sweet food intake (OR=1.394, 1.723), and higher amount of daily fruit intake (OR=1.342, 1.387, 1.458), the higher the proportion of refined grains (OR=1.357), and higher frequency of high-fat food intake ikely to develop GDM.
Conclusion The incidence of GDM is relatively high in Sanya City in Hainan Province, and its occurrence is related to the dietary behavior of pregnant women. Excessive intake of sweets and high-fat foods, excessive daily fruit intake, and excessive refined staple foods are risk factors for GDM, while daily exercise time≥ 1 h is its protective factor.
DownLoad: