An adult case report with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antibody and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody double positive encephalitis

A 44-year-old male was admitted with paroxysm unconsciousness accompanying by numbness and convulsions in the left upper limb. EEG showed frequent spike waves on the left side, imaging examination showed swelling and enhancement of the local cerebral gyrus in the right parietal and temporal lobe, and cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples showed positive anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antibody (NMDAR) and anti- myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody. The diagnosis was anti-NMDAR antibody combined with anti-MOG antibody double positive encephalitis. The patients were treated with immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid combined with oxcarbazepine, and no obvious symptoms were observed during the 5-month follow-up. It has been clinically reported that patients with this type of double-antibody positive encephalitis are mostly seen in children, and it is rare in adults. Patients with timely diagnosis and treatment can achieve good clinical prognosis.