Objective To conduct a cross-sectional investigation in situations of chronic complications in diabetes mellitus(DM)patients in Chengyang District of Qingdao City of Shandong Province.
Methods A random sample investigation for DM patients from 8 streets in administrated districts in the Chengyang District of Qingdao City who participating in the project of "Co-management of Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension and Hyperglycemia" from March to December 2019 were selected as survey objects. The included patients were randomly divided into two groups according to occurrence of chronic complications. Through a questionnaire survey, demographic data, anthropometry and other indicators of patients were collected for statistical analysis. Features of DM patients of two groups were compared. The risk factors of DM chronic complications were investigated by using Logistic regression analysis.
Results A total of 26 090 people were randomly selected, among whom there were 12 560 male cases and 13 530 female cases, 18 950 cases with chronic complications and 7 140 cases without chronic complications. DM patients with obesity, low educational level, poor blood sugar control and behavior of compliance to doctor′s advice, and complicating with underlying diseases were more likely to have complications. Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease, neuropathy and ophthalmological disease were higher in women than in men, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The higher the hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) level was and the longer the course of disease lasted, the higher the incidence of chronic complications in DM patients would be, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The more chronic complications occurred, the more per capita treatment cost and annual hospitalization frequency would be, and the longer hospitalization duration lasted, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Multiariable Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, body mass index (BMI), duration of DM, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), 24 h urine protein quantitation, education degree, degree of regular medication and regular measurement of blood sugar degree were all the influence factors of DM complications (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
Conclusion The incidence of chronic complications in DM patients is high in Chengyang District of Qingdao City, and their risk factors are various. Therefore, early identification of risk factors is helpful to prevent and treat chronic complications in DM patients.
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