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精神分裂症患者主要照顾者负担在连带病耻感与生活质量间的中介效应分析

Mediating effect of burden on primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia between affiliated stigma and quality of life

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨精神分裂症患者主要照顾者负担在连带病耻感与生活质量间的中介效应。
    方法 采用便利抽样法选取220例精神分裂症患者主要照顾者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查问卷、Zarit照顾者负担量表(ZBI)、贬低-歧视感知量表(PDD)和世界卫生组织生命质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析法进行相关性分析，采用Amos 26.0软件构建结构方程模型，以Bootstrap法检验中介效应。
    结果 精神分裂症患者主要照顾者负担得分为(38.68±14.80)分，处于中等水平; 连带病耻感得分为(32.20±8.23)分，表明存在连带病耻感; 生活质量得分为(76.92±20.72)分，处于中水平。Pearson相关性分析结果显示，照顾者负担与连带病耻感呈正相关(r=0.311, P < 0.01), 与生活质量呈负相关(r=-0.349, P < 0.01), 连带病耻感与生活质量呈负相关(r=-0.249, P < 0.01)。照顾者负担是连带病耻感与生活质量的中介变量，其总效应值为-0.317, 直接效应值为-0.269, 中介效应值为-0.048, 中介效应占总效应的15.14%。
    结论 精神分裂症患者主要照顾者负担在连带病耻感与生活质量间起部分中介效应。医务人员应采取有效干预措施减轻照顾者的连带病耻感和照护负担，以改善其生活质量。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To explore the mediating effect of the burden on primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia between affiliated stigma and quality of life.
    Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 220 primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia as study subjects. A general information questionnaire, the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), the Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale (PDD), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) were employed for the survey. Pearson correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis, and Amos 26.0 software was used to construct a structural equation model. The mediating effect was tested using the Bootstrap method.
    Results The score for the burden on primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia was (38.68±14.80), indicating a moderate level. The score for affiliated stigma was (32.20±8.23), suggesting the presence of affiliated stigma. The score for quality of life was (76.92±20.72), also at a moderate level. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between caregiver burden and affiliated stigma (r=0.311, P < 0.01), a negative correlation between caregiver burden and quality of life (r=-0.349, P < 0.01), and a negative correlation between affiliated stigma and quality of life (r=-0.249, P < 0.01). Caregiver burden acted as a mediating variable between affiliated stigma and quality of life, with a total effect value of -0.317, a direct effect value of -0.269, and a mediating effect value of -0.048. The mediating effect accounted for 15.14% of the total effect.
    Conclusion The burden on primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia plays a partial mediating role between affiliated stigma and quality of life. Medical staff should implement effective intervention measures to reduce caregivers′affiliated stigma and caregiving burden, thereby improving their quality of life. Key words: schizophrenia; primary caregivers; quality of life; caregiver burden; affiliated stigma; mediating effect; caregiving burden; structural equation modeling

     

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