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中国成都地区老年群体膝骨关节炎发病情况及合并症的影响因素分析

Analysis in prevalence of knee osteoarthritis and influencing factors of comorbidities in elderly population in Chengdu area of China

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨成都地区≥60岁人群膝骨关节炎发病情况及合并症的影响因素。
    方法 回顾性选取2021年5月—2023年6月在本院就诊的168例≥60岁膝骨关节炎患者为研究对象。收集膝骨关节炎患者的相关资料，分析其发病情况。根据合并症情况将患者分为合并症组(n=92)和无合并症组(n=76), 并采用Logistic回归分析探讨合并症的影响因素。
    结果 168例≥60岁膝骨关节炎患者中，女107例(63.69%), 男61例(36.31%); 60~70岁者66例(39.29%), >70岁者102例(60.71%); 居住地为农村者81例(48.21%), 城镇者87例(51.79%); ≥1种合并症者92例(54.76%), 具体为血脂异常53例，心脑血管疾病38例，高血压35例, 2型糖尿病28例，慢性肾病13例，抑郁症11例。合并症组与无合并症组年龄、膝骨关节炎病程、体质量指数、职业、膝关节手术史、日常体育锻炼时间、膝关节功能评分、喜食辛辣和油腻食物比率比较，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，年龄(OR=1.561, 95%CI: 1.183~2.078)、体质量指数(OR=2.439, 95%CI: 1.740~3.225)、职业(OR=1.446, 95%CI: 1.065~1.944)、膝骨关节炎病程(OR=2.680, 95%CI: 1.830~3.447)、膝关节手术史(OR=1.772, 95%CI: 1.313~2.336)、日常体育锻炼时间(OR=1.691, 95%CI: 1.221~2.174)、膝关节功能评分(OR=2.023，95%CI: 1.573~2.859)、喜食辛辣和油腻食物(OR=1.842, 95%CI: 1.195~2.841)是膝骨关节炎患者合并症的影响因素(P < 0.05)。
    结论 成都地区≥60岁人群膝骨关节功能较差，合并症发生率较高，应加强对膝骨关节炎患者的健康管理，鼓励积极锻炼，保持健康饮食，维持正常体质量，减轻膝骨关节炎对生活质量的影响。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To explore the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis and the influencing factors of comorbidities in people aged ≥60 years old in Chengdu area.
    Methods A retrospective study was conducted for 168 patients aged ≥60 years old with knee osteoarthritis in the hospital from May 2021 to June 2023. Relevant materials of patients with knee osteoarthritis were collected, and prevalence of the disease was analyzed. Patients were divided into comorbidity group (n=92) and non-comorbidity group (n=76) based on the comorbidity status. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of comorbidities.
    Results Among 168 patients aged ≥60 years old with knee osteoarthritis, there were 107 females (63.69%) and 61 males (36.31%); 66 patients (39.29%) were aged 60 to 70 years old, and 102 patients (60.71%) were older than 70 years old; 81 patients (48.21%) resided in rural area, and 87 patients (51.79%) resided in urban area; 92 patients (54.76%) had one comorbidity at least, specifically including 53 cases of dyslipidemia, 38 cases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, 35 cases of hypertension, 28 cases of type 2 diabetes, 13 cases of chronic kidney disease, and 11 cases of depression. There were significant differences in age, duration of knee osteoarthritis, body mass index, occupation, history of knee surgery, time of daily physical exercise, knee joint function score, and the proportion of cases preferring spicy and greasy food between the comorbidity group and the non-comorbidity group (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.561, 95%CI, 1.183 to 2.078), body mass index (OR=2.439, 95%CI, 1.740 to 3.225), occupation (OR=1.446, 95%CI, 1.065 to 1.944), duration of knee osteoarthritis (OR=2.680, 95%CI, 1.830 to 3.447), history of knee surgery (OR=1.772, 95%CI, 1.313 to 2.336), time of daily physical exercise (OR=1.691, 95%CI, 1.221 to 2.174), knee joint function score (OR=2.023, 95%CI, 1.573 to 2.859), and preference for spicy and greasy food (OR=1.842, 95%CI, 1.195 to 2.841) were influencing factors of comorbidities in patients with knee osteoarthritis (P < 0.05).
    Conclusion The knee joint function of people aged ≥60 years old in Chengdu area is poor, and the incidence of complications is high. It is necessary to strengthen the health management of patients with knee osteoarthritis, encourage active exercise, maintain a healthy diet and normal body weight, and reduce the impact of knee osteoarthritis on their qualities of life.

     

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