Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention based on Kano model on surgical outcomes and negative emotions in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods A total of 262 DR patients who underwent vitrectomy were randomly divided into control group (n＝131) and observation group (n＝131) using the random number table method. The control group received routine nursing intervention, while the observation group received nursing intervention based on the Kano model. The surgical outcomes visual acuity level and improvement in visual function, nursing needsPerioperative Nursing Needs Questionnaire for DR Surgical Patients, negative emotionsSelf-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and quality of lifeChinese Version of Low Vision Quality of Life Scale (CLVQOL)were compared between the two groups. The incidence of complications during the intervention period was also recorded in both groups.

Results After intervention, the visual acuity levels in both groups increased compared to those before intervention, and the rates of low vision decreased (P < 0.001). The visual acuity level in the observation group was higher, and the rate of low vision was lower than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). After intervention, the scores for peripheral visual field, sensory adaptation, and limitations in daily activities decreased in both groups compared to those before intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After intervention, the SAS and SDS scores in both groups decreased compared to those before intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001). After intervention, the CLVQOL scores in both groups increased compared to those before the intervention, and the score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The incidence of complications in the control group was higher than that in the observation group (12.22% versus 4.58%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the Kano model can improve visual acuity level, visual function, and negative emotions, enhance the quality of life, and further reduce the incidence of complications in DR patients undergoing vitrectomy.