Objective To explore the correlation between left atrial diameter (LAD) and renal function in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods A total of 364 patients with atrial fibrillation were selected as study subjects. Clinical data of the patients were collected, including gender, age, height, body weight, smoking history, drinking history, atrial fibrillation type, history of hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, heart failure, medication history, high-sensitivity troponin I, brain natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, creatinine, urea nitrogen, LAD, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWTd), and interventricular septal thickness (IVSTd). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and body mass index were calculated. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations of LAD with creatinine, urea nitrogen, and eGFR. With eGFR < 60 mL/(min·1.73 m²) setting as renal insufficiency, univariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of renal insufficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between LAD and renal insufficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Results Spearman correlation analysis showed that LAD was positively correlated with creatinine (r=0.279, P < 0.001) and urea nitrogen (r=0.190, P < 0.001) in patients with atrial fibrillation, and negatively correlated with eGFR (r=-0.263, P < 0.001). Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, history of diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation type, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor medication history, diuretic medication history, LAD, LVEF, LVDd, and IVSTd were all influencing factors of renal insufficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation (P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the first quartile of LAD (LAD ≤ 38 mm), the risk of renal insufficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation in the fourth quartile of LAD (LAD>47 mm) increased by 5.199 times(OR=5.199; 95 %CI, 1.210 to 22.337; P=0.027).

Conclusion LAD of patients with atrial fibrillation is significantly related to renal function, and LAD is an influencing factor of renal insufficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation.