变应性鼻炎患者粉尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗的依从性及脱落原因分析

孙海勇; 关兵; 马伟

doi:10.7619/jcmp.20234073

变应性鼻炎患者粉尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗的依从性及脱落原因分析

Analysis in compliance and withdraw reasons of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops in patients with allergic rhinitis

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨变应性鼻炎(AR)患者接受粉尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗(SLIT)的依从性及脱落因素。
方法回顾性分析粉尘满滴剂舌下免疫治疗的变应性鼻炎患者652例的资料，记录患者脱落时间及脱落原因。
结果 652例患者中，成功随访516例，中途脱落291例，整体依从率为43.60%。随访患者中, < 14岁患者依从性较≥14岁患者依从性好，性别因素对脱落率的影响无显著差异，脱落最多的月份为用药的第5、6、7个月。
结论 AR患者行SLIT治疗的整体依从性较差, < 14岁儿童依从性较≥14岁人群好，加强患者教育，提高随访频率，构建有效的沟通平台有助于提高患者依从性。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the compliance and withdraw factors of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with dermatophagoides farinae drops in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).
Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 652 AR patients with dermatophagoides farinae drops for SLIT, and the withdraw time and reasons were recorded.
Results Of the 652 patients, 516 cases were successfully followed up, and 291 dropped out halfway, with an overall compliance rate of 43.60%. Among the patients with successful follow up, those aged < 14 years old had better compliance than those aged ≥14 years old, and there was no significant difference in the withdraw rate according to factor of gender. The months with the highest withdraw rate were the fifth, the sixth and the seventh months after administration of drugs.
Conclusion The overall compliance of AR patients with SLIT is poor, and children aged < 14 years old have better compliance than those aged ≥14 years old. Strengthening patient's education, increasing the frequency of follow-up, and building an effective communication platform can help improve patient's compliance.

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