Objective To investigate the effect of self-prescribed Paizhuo Qinggong Herbal Formula Granule combined with Misoprostol Tablets on uterine recovery in patients with residual intrauterine tissue after childbirth.

Methods A total of 120 patients with residual intrauterine tissue after childbirth were randomly selected. According to the simple randomization method, 60 patients were assigned to control group(n=60) and experimental group(n=60). In the control group, patients were treated with a placebo of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules combined with Misoprostol Tablets. In the experimental group, patients were treated with self-prescribed Paizhuo Qinggong Herbal Formula Granule combined with Misoprostol Tablets. The clinical efficacy, syndrome score of traditional Chinese medicine, residual area of intrauterine tissue, uterine recovery indicators (sum of three uterine diameters and rate of uterine fundus descent), ultrasound blood flow parameters, matrix alloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), vaginal bleeding, adverse reactions, and uterine curettage rate were analyzed.

Results The total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment, there were statistically significant differences in the syndrome score of traditional Chinese medicine and residual area of intrauterine tissue compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). The syndrome score of traditional Chinese medicine and residual area of intrauterine tissue in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the sum of three uterine diameters between the two groups after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). The sum of three uterine diameters in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). The rate of uterine fundus descent in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the resistance index (RI), end-diastolic peak blood flow velocity (EDV), peak systolic blood flow velocity (PSV), and pulsatility index (PI) of the uterine spiral artery between the two groups after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). The EDV and PSV in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment, while the RI and PI were higher (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) between the two groups after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). The serum levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). The duration of vaginal bleeding in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group, and the amount of vaginal bleeding was better in the experimental group (P < 0.05). The uterine curettage rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion The combination of self-prescribed Paizhuo Qinggong Herbal Formula Granule combined with Misoprostol Tablets is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with residual intrauterine tissue after childbirth. It can improve clinical symptoms, uterine blood circulation, reduce the residual area of intrauterine tissue, promote uterine recovery, improve vaginal bleeding, reduce the rate of uterine curettage, and exert its effect by correcting the imbalance of MMP-9 and TIMP-1.