Objective  To explore the safety and feasibility of ultrasound-guided femoral and radial artery puncture in patients with difficulty in arterial blood collection for blood gas analysis.

Methods  A total of 200 patients with difficulty in blood collection for blood gas analysis were selected and randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 100 cases in each group. In the experimental group, 50 patients treated with ultrasound-guided femoral artery puncture were included in experimental group A, and 50 patients treated with ultrasound-guided radial artery puncture were included in experimental group B. In the control group, 50 patients treated with traditional femoral artery puncture were included in control group A, and 50 patients treated with traditional radial artery puncture were included in control group B. The success rate of blood collection, collection time, pain score, patient's satisfaction degree and complications were evaluated.

Results  The success rates of blood collection of experimental group A and control group A were 100% (50/50) and 94% (47/50) respectively, with no significant statistical difference (P>0.05); the collection time of experimental group A and control group A was (36.68±12.76) and (64.78±15.81) seconds respectively, the pain score was (1.74±0.88) and (2.60±0.90) points respectively, the patient's satisfaction degree was (8.74±1.07) and (7.68±1.53) points respectively, and all the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the comparison between experimental group B and control group B, the success rates of blood collection were 100%(50/50) and 98%(49/50) respectively, with no significant statistical difference (P>0.05); the collection time of experimental group B and control group B was (34.92±11.41) and (60.92±16.91) seconds respectively, the pain score was (1.64±0.72) and (2.42±0.86) points respectively, the patient's satisfaction degree was (8.66±0.89) and (8.04±1.11) points respectively, and all the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in complications such as subcutaneous bleeding and hematoma between experimental group A and control group A as well as experimental group B and control group B.

Conclusion  Ultrasound-guided femoral and radial artery puncture has significant advantages in patients with difficulty in blood collection, especially in obese patients, which can improve the accuracy and speed of blood collection, reduce the pain, and increase patients' satisfaction degree.