Abstract: Venous thrombosis of lower limbs is a perioperative complication in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), and it is an important factor leading to unexpected perioperative death. The causes of venous thrombosis of lower limbs in SCI patients include surgical factors, environmental factors and personal factors. Application of physical measures such as elastic socks and intermittent inflation pumps as well as anticoagulants is a key way to prevent venous thrombosis of lower limbs and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications after SCI. This paper reviewed the risk factors, physical prevention measures, drug prevention measures and related complications of venous thrombosis of lower limbs in SCI patients, in order to provide a basis for reducing the incidence of venous thrombosis of lower limbs after SCI and improving patients′prognosis.