Abstract: Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging(mpMRI) has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant prostate diseases, especially in proatate cancer. Due to the advantages of high resolution, anatomy and functional imaging, there are obvious advantages in detection, localization, staging, treatment efficacy assessment, and the detection of postoperative recurrence of prostate cancer. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy is the main method of clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer and is also the gold standard for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, but it has disadvantages such as low detection rate and randomness, so the researchers began to combine mpMRI with TRUS to form targeted prostate biopsy technology, which has research and application value. The paper reviewed the application progress of mpMRI and TRUS cognitive fusion technology in targeted prostate biopsy.