Abstract: Lung cancer is a cancer with the highest mortality rate among malignant tumors in the world, and platelets play a key role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Platelets not only participate in hemostasis, but also produce a variety of substances that participate in the formation of tumor microenvironment and promote the progression of lung cancer through different ways. In this paper, the possible mechanism of action of platelets in lung cancer, the research progress of platelets and their derivatives as diagnostic and prognostic tools in lung cancer, and the application prospect of platelet inhibitors and platelet membrane biomimetic nanocarriers in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer were reviewed in order to deeply understand the interaction mechanism between platelets and lung cancer, and to provide theoretical basis for optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer and exploring new therapeutic strategies.