Abstract: : The research status of the pharmacological activity of astilbin (AST) was summarized and the pharmacological action, research methods and mechanism of AST in treating nervous system diseases were elaborated by retrieving and reading the relevant literatures at home and abroad. Researches had confirmed that AST has significant therapeutic effects on multiple system diseases and multiple nervous system diseases such as cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, Alzheimer's disease, depression, brain aging and Parkinson's disease, and AST has great potential in the development of new drugs.