Abstract: Malignant obstructive jaundice is mostly caused by biliopancreatic malignant tumors, mainly manifested as hepatic dysfunction and cholestasis. Treatment methods includes endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) stent implantation, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD), endoscopic nose biliary drainage(ENBD) and other interventional operations. Biliary tract infection is one of serious complications after interventional treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice, and can cause septic shock and threaten the life of the patients. By summarizing the risk factors, causes, pathogenic bacteria spectrum, drug resistance and antibiotic selection in recent years, this paper reviewed the research progress of biliary tract infection after interventional treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice in order to reduce the occurrence of biliary tract infection.