Abstract: Biochip technology, which derived from Southern blotting technology, is a high-throughput micro-analysis technology based on the principle of specific interactions between biomolecules. From simply integrating biological components to reducing costs and improving efficiency, to optimizing and integrating experimental steps by combining microlithography technology and various microfluidic structures, then to simulating the natural state of tissues and organs, biochip technology is developing rapidly, and shows great application prospects in the field of medical biological research. This review briefly described the concept, development and classification of biochip technology, then systemarically enumerated the up-to-date application progress of different types of biochips in biomedical research.