Abstract: With the pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019, the need for pulmonary mechanics assessment and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) monitoring tools has increased. Mechanical power (MP) as an emerging comprehensive parameter for VILI evaluation has received extensive clinical attention. In this paper, the definition and calculation formula of MP, the correlation between MP and VILI, and the related research progress of protective ventilation strategies induced by MP were reviewed in order to provide a new perspective for clinical avoidance of VILI.