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综合护理干预在颈髓损伤患者气道康复中的应用

Application of comprehensive nursing intervention in airway rehabilitation of patients with cervical spinal cord injury

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 观察综合护理干预在颈髓损伤患者呼吸道功能康复中的应用效果。
    方法 将100例颈髓损伤患者分为对照组和实验组，每组50例。对照组实施常规护理，实验组采取综合护理干预。比较2组患者干预前与干预后2个月肺功能指标用力肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、25%肺活量时的用力呼气流量（FEF25%）和呼气最大流速（PEF）、疼痛程度数字评分法（NRS）评分、Borg呼吸困难与疲劳评分、医学研究会呼吸困难量表（MRC）评分、6 min步行试验（6MWT）、日常生活活动能力（Barthel指数）评分、心理状态焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分以及护理满意度。
    结果 干预2个月后，实验组FVC、FEV1、FEF25%和PEF均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；干预2个月后，实验组Borg呼吸困难与疲劳评分、MRC评分均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）；干预2个月后，实验组NRS、SAS、SDS评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）；干预2个月后，实验组6MWT、Barthel指数大于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）；干预2个月后，实验组护理满意度高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。
    结论 综合护理干预可以促进颈髓损伤患者气道功能康复，缓解患者疼痛，提高日常生活活动能力，改善患者心理状态，提高护理满意度。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To observe the application effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in respiratory tract function rehabilitation of patients with cervical spinal cord injury.
    Methods A total of 100 patients with cervical spinal cord injury were divided into control group and experimental group according to the order of admission, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group implemented comprehensive nursing intervention. Lung function indexforced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow at 25% of FVC (FEF25%) and peak expiratory flow (PEF), degree of painNumeric Rating Scale (NRS) score, Borg dyspnea and fatigue score, Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (MRC) score, 6-minute walking test (6MWT), activities of daily living (Barthel index) score, mental statusSelf-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) score and nursing satisfaction before and after the intervention in two months were compared.
    Results The FVC, FEV1, FEF25% and PEF of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group after 2-month intervention(P < 0.05). The Borg Dyspnea and Fatigue Score and MRC score of the experimental group after 2-month nursing intervention were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.01). After 2 months of intervention, the scores of NRS, SAS and SDS in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, and the 6MWT and Barthel index of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). After 2 months of intervention, the nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05).
    Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can significantly promote the recovery of respiratory function and relieve the pain of patients with cervical spinal cord injury, improve the ability of activities of daily living, improve the psychological state of patients, and enhance nursing satisfaction.

     

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