Abstract: Maintenance hemodialysis is an important therapeutic method for end-stage renal disease, but the long-term hemodialysis treatment will lead to various complications. Vascular calcification is one of the common complications in patients with chronic kidney disease, which has a higher incidence rate in patients with maintenance hemodialysis, and also is the main cause of cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients. At present, the treatment at home and abroad mainly focus on the control of metabolic abnormalities, and there is a lack of systematic review on the treatment schemes for vascular calcification in patients with maintenance hemodialysis. This paper summarized the current research progress and possible mechanism on drug treatment of vascular calcification and blood purification mode for patients with maintenance hemodialysis in order to provide reference for further research in the future.