Abstract: The treatment of spinal cord injury is one of the urgent difficulties in medical field. Astrocytes play key roles in the central nervous system, provide structural support and nutrient substance nutrient substance nutrient substancefor neurons, participate in synaptic formation, and maintain homeostasis in the internal environment. After spinal cord injury, astrocytes become reactive astrocytes, and their proliferation and migration can limit the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury and prevent further neurological damage. At the same time, reactive astrocyte hyperplasia is a key step in the formation of glial scar, which acts as a physical and chemical barrier to restrict axonal regeneration. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the biological processes and molecular mechanisms of reactive astrocytes after spinal cord injury to search for target specific molecules of neural regeneration.