Abstract: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease. With the development of biological agents, histological remission becomes a new frontier in the treatment of UC, and more and more patients can achieve the therapeutic goal of symptom remission and endoscopic mucosal healing. This paper reviewed the progress, evaluation system and clinical significance of histological remission of UC, so as to provide basis for histological remission as the therapeutic goal of UC.