Objective  To investigate screening results and influencing factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Bozhou City of Anhui Province.

  Methods  Clinical data of 568 premature infants who hospitalized in department of pediatrics and received fundus examination before discharge were collected, and the related factors for ROP were analyzed.

  Results  In 568 premature infants, ROP developed in 55 infants and the incidence of ROP was 9.7%, including 26 cases in stage 1, 12 cases lesions in stage 2, 7 cases in stage 2 plus disease, 10 cases in stage 3, but no one was in stage 4 and 5. The incidence rates of ROP showed statistically significant differences in premature infants with different gestational age and birth weights (P < 0.01). There were significant differences in oxygen inhalation >3 d, mechanical ventilation and blood transfusion between the non-ROP group and ROP group (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found in gender, delivery mode, premature rupture of membranes and number of fetus between the two groups (P > 0.05).

  Conclusion  The incidence rates of ROP are higher in premature infants with smaller gestational age and lower birth weight. The oxygen inhalation time over 3 d, mechanical ventilation and blood transfusion are risk factors for ROP.