Abstract: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with high morbidity and mortality is a serious public health problem. Therefore, rapid diagnosis is of great significance for early treatment and prognosis of AMI patients. Studies have shown that miRNA expression patterns can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic judgement of AMI patients. In addition, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of AMI will contribute to the development of new treatment options. This article reviewed the potential use of miRNA as biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of AMI.