Abstract: Obesity can give rise to various health problems, of which the gastrointestinal mucosal injury in obese people is worth of attention. The complications and progression of gastrointestinal mucosal injury not only seriously affect the daily life quality of obese people, but also cause high incidence of gastric cancer and other serious diseases. This article reviewed the research progress on the pathogenesis of digestive tract mucosal injury in obese population, in order to provide a more sufficient theoretical basis for clinical practice.