高龄居家老人能力现状及影响因素分析

吴喻; 张兰凤; 陈建群; 严学峰

doi:10.7619/jcmp.20211666

高龄居家老人能力现状及影响因素分析

Analysis in status quo and influencing factors of ability of the elderly at home

摘要

摘要:
目的调查高龄居家老人能力现状并分析其影响因素。
方法应用老年人能力评估量表，采用整群随机抽样的方法，对江苏省南通市年龄≥80岁的居家老人进行入户调查。
结果共回收有效问卷1 882份，其中1 866例(99.15%)老人存在不同程度的失能，中度失能670例(35.60%), 重度失能553例(29.38%)。纠正混杂因素的有序多因素Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、慢性疾病、精神疾病、痴呆程度、听力障碍、近30 d意外事件发生情况、自评健康状况和运动是高龄居家老人综合能力等级的影响因素(P < 0.05)。
结论高龄居家老人能力状况不容乐观，中重度失能率较高，因此应针对高龄老人的健康状况提供相应干预措施，以提高其生活质量。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate ability status of the elderly at home and analyze its influencing factors.
Methods By using Ability Assessment Scale for the elderly and Cluster Random Sampling method, a housekeeping survey was conducted among the elderly aged ≥80 years in Nantong of Jiangsu Province.
Results A total of 1 882 valid questionnaires were collected, including 1 866 (99.15%) elderly people with varying degrees of disability, 670 (35.60%) with moderate disability and 553 (29.38%) with severe disability. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, body mass index (BMI), chronic disease, mental disease, dementia degree, hearing impairment, accidents in recent 30 days, self-rated health status and exercise were the influencing factors of the ability level of the elderly after correcting confounding factors (P < 0.05).
Conclusion The ability of the elderly at home is not optimistic, because they have higher rate of moderate and severe disability. Therefore, corresponding intervention measures should be provided according to the health status of the elderly to improve their quality of life.

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