Abstract: Rocuronium is a kind of muscle relaxant widely used in clinical anesthesia. However, the pain and limb withdrawl movements caused by rocuronium injection affect the comfort and satisfaction of patients with anesthesia, which limits its application. This paper reviewed the development of preventive measures for rocuronium injection induced pain in recent years from pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical treatments by searching major databases, aiming to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of rocuronium injection pain so as to improve patients' perioperative satisfaction.