Abstract: The main goals of treatment for periodontal disease are to repair damaged tissue and control the spread of the disease. At present, the effect of traditional clinical treatment of periodontal disease is limited. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have been a promising nanomaterial for clinical application in biological imaging, drug delivery, disease diagnosis and treatment due to their unique optical properties, good biocompatibility, easy synthesis and functionalization. In this paper, the application of gold nanometer in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease was reviewed, in order to provide a new direction for the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.