Abstract: Objective To explore effect of medical cold compress in prevention of chemotherapeutic phlebitis in patients with gynecological tumors. Methods A total of 370 patients with gynecological tumors were randomly divided into experimental group A(n=123), experimental group B(n=122)and control group(n=125). After successful puncture, the experimental group A was treated with external medical cold compress, the experimental group B was treated with magnesium sulfate gauze wet compress, and the control group was treated with routine infusion. The effective rate, pain degree, comfort level and nursing satisfaction of preventing chemotherapeutic phlebitis were compared in 3 groups within one week. Results The effective rates of chemotherapeutic phlebitis prevention in the experimental group A, the experimental group B and the control group were 95.12%, 94.27% and 77.60% respectively, and the effective rates of the experimental groups A and B were significantly higher than those in the control group(P< 0.05). The pain degree in the experimental groups A and B were significantly lower than those in the control group(P< 0.05). The comfort degree of the experimental group A was significantly higher than that of the experimental group B and the control group(P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the experimental group A, the experimental group B and the control group were 97.56%, 89.34% and 77.60%, respectively, and the nursing satisfaction of the experimental group A was significantly higher than that of the experimental group B and the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Medical cold compress can effectively prevent the occurrence of chemotherapeutic phlebitis in patients with gynecological tumor, relieve their pain, improve comfort and nursing satisfaction.