Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of incentive intervention on stoma management efficiency and quality of life in patients with neostomy for rectal cancer. Methods Totally 53 patients with neostomy for rectal cancer from January to December 2018 were selected as control group, and they were treated with conventional nursing intervention. Another 53 patients with neostomy for rectal cancer from January to December 2019 were selected as observation group, and they were treated with incentive nursing intervention. The stoma management efficiency and quality of life at 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of stoma care efficiency, stoma self-care efficiency, vitality retention efficiency and social interaction of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group at 3 months after discharge(P<0.05). Three months after discharge, the score of functional scale in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while the score of symptom scale was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Incentive intervention can improve the self-management efficiency and quality of life in patients with neostomy for rectal cancer.