Abstract: Objective To compare the value of 16-slice spiral CT scanning and transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosing female pelvic tumors. Methods The clinical and imaging materials of 73 patients with pelvic tumors were collected, and all the patients underwent 16-slice spiral CT and transvaginal ultrasound examinations before operation. Taking postoperative pathological results as the "gold standard", the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and staging accuracy rate of the two methods were compared. Results Totally 53 cases were confirmed as malignant tumor and 20 cases as benign tumor by operation and pathology. A total of 30 cases with cervical cancer, 13 cases with ovarian cancer, 4 cases with endometrial cancer, 11 cases with uterine fibroids and 6 cases with ovarian benign tumor were accurately diagnosed by 16-slice spiral CT, and 29 cases with cervical cancer, 12 cases with ovarian cancer, 4 cases with endometrial cancer, 10 cases with uterine fibroids and 5 cases with ovarian benign tumor were detected by transvaginal ultrasound. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 16-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of malignant pelvic tumors were 88.68%, 85.00% and 87.67% respectively, which were higher than 84.19%, 75.00% and 82.19% of transvaginal ultrasound, but there were no significant differences between two groups(P>0.05). The accuracy rate of 16-slice spiral CT in staging malignant pelvic tumors was 83.02%, which was significantly higher than 66.04% of transvaginal ultrasound(P<0.05). Conclusion The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of both 16-slice spiral CT and transvaginal ultrasound are higher in the diagnosis of female pelvic tumors, but the former is more advantageous in the staging evaluation of malignant pelvic tumors.