Abstract: Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of postpartum low back pain by activating transverse abdominal muscles under sling exercise therapy(SET)system. Methods A total of 100 patients with postpartum low back pain were collected and randomly divided into two groups, a total of 49 cases in the massage group used traditional massage method, and 51 cases in the SET group used SET system. Before and after treatment, the scores of Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scoring System(JOA), Oswestry Disability Index, and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)were used to assess the patient's function of lumbar vertebrae and pain. The patients were followed up after 3 and 6 months, and the rehabilitation conditions were assessed again. Results After treatment, the JOA score, VAS score and Oswestry score of the two groups were significantly improved compared with before treatment(P<0.05). Compared with the massage group, the SET group had better clinical efficacy(P<0.05). After 3 and 6 months of follow-up, the total effective rates of the two groups showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The SET group and the massage group had 3 and 4 patients out of the study, 4 and 7 cases with no responding to the treatment, and 6 and 18 relapsed patients. Conclusion Activating transverse abdominal muscles under SET system is better than traditional massage treatment for postpartum low back pain.