Abstract: Objective To explore the value of end-expiratory sevoflurane volume fraction at extubation in predicting postoperative agitation in elderly patients with laparoscopic surgery. Methods A total of 109 elderly patients were divided into agitation group(n=35)and non-agitation group(n=74). Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the volume fraction of end-expiratory sevoflurane at extubation and extubation time, and its predictive value of postoperative agitation was explored by receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC). Results The volume fraction of end-expiratory sevoflurane in the agitation group was higher than that in the non-agitation group, but the extubation time was shorter than that in the non-agitation group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that agitation was positively correlated with end-expiratory sevoflurane volume fraction(r=0.369, P=0.027), and extubation time was negatively correlated with end-expiratory sevoflurane volume fraction(r=-0.345, P=0.039). The ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)at extubation was 0.935. The sensitivity and specificity were 82.9% and 90.5% respectively when the optimal critical value was 0.17%. Conclusion Restlessness after extubation in elderly laparoscopic surgery patients is correlated with the volume fraction of breath sevoflurane at extubation. The volume fraction of exhalation sevoflurane at extubation can predict and evaluate the agitation after extubation, and the higher the score is, the higher the incidence of restlessness after extubation will be.