Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of nursing care based on failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA)during intravenous indwelling needle in treatment of neonates. Methods A total of 100 neonates were divided into study group(n=60)and control group(n=40)according to different nursing methods. The control group was given routine nursing after indwelling needle catheterization, and the study group was given FMEA management mode on the basis of the control group. The nursing quality(basic nursing score, nursing attitude and operation skills), the incidence of complications such as tube detachment, tube blockage, fluid leakage as well as infection, and the satisfaction of the family members were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of operation skill, nursing foundation and attitude in the study group were significantly higher than that in the control group, and nursing satisfaction was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The complication rate of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Nursing based on FMEA mode during intravenous indwelling needle in treatment of neonates can effectively improve the quality of nursing and reduce the incidence of complications.