Abstract: Studies have shown that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. MiRNA participates in the regulation of cellular gene transcription through different mechanisms, among which the specific binding and degradation of downstream target gene mRNA is the most classic regulatory mechanism. In recent years, the dysregulation of miR-361-5p expression in malignant tumors has been verified. By regulating target genes related tothat associated with tumor growth, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and other aspects, miR-361-5p further involve in the relevant biological processes of malignant tumors, including proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and drug resistance, and it provides an important basis for the diagnosis and prognosis of malignant tumors. This paper reviewed the roles and related mechanisms of miR-361-5p in different tumors, and its application prospect is prospected.