Abstract: Objective To explore the efficacy of evidence-based nursing in ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver puncture and drainage in the treatment of bacterial liver abscess. Methods A total of 80 patients were selected and divided into the control group and the experimental group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the experimental group was given evidence-based nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The hospitalization and complication rates of the two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in temperature recovery time between the two groups(P>0.05); the duration of abscess cavity disappearance and hospital stay in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and the complication rate was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Evidence-based nursing during ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic drainage can shorten the time of abscess cavity disappearance and hospital stay, and reduce the incidence of complications.