Abstract: Objective To investigate effect of duodenoscopic repeated disinfection in the prevention of postoperative cholangitis in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP). Methods A total of 206 patients who received ERCP were randomly divided into routine disinfection group and repeated disinfection group. The routine disinfection group(n=103)was given duodenoscopic disinfection according to disinfection procedure of Technical Specification for Cleaning and Disinfection of Soft Endoscope, and the repeated disinfection group was given routine disinfection method twice. The disinfection effect of duodenoscopy and the incidence of cholangitis after ERCP were evaluated. Results The total number of bacteria in the inner cavity, lens and forceps lifting device of the repeated disinfection group was lower than that of the routine disinfection group(P<0.05). The qualified rate of disinfection was 99.03% in the repeated disinfection group, and 93.20% in the routine disinfection group, but no significant difference were found in two groups(P>0.05). No patients occurred cholangitis after ERCP in the repeated disinfection group, and 6 cases with cholangitis occurred in the routine disinfection group, with a incidence rate of 5.83%. The incidence of postoperative cholangitis in the repeated disinfection group was significantly lower than that in the routine disinfection group(P<0.05). Conclusion The repeated disinfection of duodenoscopy can reduce the amount of microbial residues, and improve the degree of disinfection and cleaning.