Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of interleukin in serum as well as gastric juice and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer hemorrhage. Methods A total of 320 patients with peptic ulcer were selected as the research objects and divided into ulcer group(n=60)and ulcer bleeding group(n=260). In addition, 50 patients diagnosed as common superficial ulcer in physical examination during the same period were selected as control group. The levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-8(IL-8)in serum and gastric juice of patients in the three groups were compared, and the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in serum and gastric juice of Helicobacter pylori positive andnegative patients in the ulcer bleeding group were compared. Results The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, gastric juice IL-6 and IL-8 in the ulcer bleeding group were significantly higher than those in the ulcer group and the control group(P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in serum and gastric juice in the ulcer group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). In the ulcer bleeding group, the number of Helicobacter pylori positive cases was 115(44.23%), while the number of Helicobacter pylori negative cases was 145(55.77%). The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, gastric juice IL-6 and IL-8 in patients with Helicobacter pylori positive in the ulcer bleeding group were significantly higher than those of Helicobacter pylori negative ones(P<0.05). Conclusion The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, gastric juice IL-6 and IL-8 are highly expressed - in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding and their levels are closely related to the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer bleeding and Helicobacter pylori infection.