Abstract: Objective To observe the clinical effect of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule combined with dietary cellulose in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFLD). Methods A total of 98 patients with NAFLD were selected as research objects, and were divided into control group(n=49)and study group(n=49)by simple random grouping method. All NAFLD patients received basic intervention measures such as liver protection treatment and health education. The control group was treated with dietary cellulose, and the study group was treated with Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule combined with dietary cellulose tablets. All patients were continuously treated for 3 months. The changes of liver function indexes［alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GT)］, serum endotoxin as well as inflammatory factors ［interleukin-6(IL-6), high sensitivity C reactive protein(hs-CRP)］were detected and compared between the two groups. The occurrence of adverse reactions was recorded during the treatment. Results All the 98 patients with NAFLD successfully completed the study. The serum ALT, AST and γ-GT levels at 3 months after treatment in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05). The above liver function indexes in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05); the levels of serum endotoxin, IL-6 and hs-CRP at 3 months after treatment in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05), and were lower in the study group compared with the control group(P<0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions or physical discomfort in the two groups during 3-month treatment, and combination of two drugs had higher safety. Conclusion Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule combined with dietary cellulose tablets can effectively reduce the level of serum endotoxin and inhibit the inflammatory response of hepatocytes- in NAFLD patients, and play a better role in the protection and improvement of liver function.