Abstract: Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of hormone and targeted treatment for patients with subacute thyroiditis combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Clinical data and features of 30 inpatients with subacute thyroiditis complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus were retrospectively analyzed. The hormone and symptomatic treatment were adopted under hypoglycemic intervention, and their effects were observed. Results Thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)was correlated with the course of subacute thyroiditis(P<0.05). By corresponding treatment, all patients significantly were in stable condition, their blood glucose was controled within normal value and no obvious side effects were observed. Only one patient had subclinical hypothyroidism. No correlation was found between disease remission and glycosylated hemoglobin. The decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate at 6 days after treatment was significantly associated with the use of Chinese herbal medicine(P<0.05), and with the use of antibiotics at 9 days after treatment(P<0.05). Conclusion The value of TSH is correlated with the course of subacute thyroiditis, and it can be considered as a index to predict the course of disease for inpatients with subacute thyroiditis complicated with type 2 diabetes. For such patients, early intervention and active control of blood glucose are required, and their prognosis is not affected by control condition of glycosylated hemoglobin. Combination of Chinese herbal medicine and antibiotics has a certain effect on disease remission.