Abstract: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a common disease that may cause neonatal death and neurological dysfunction in children, and its incidence and disability rates in newborns are relatively high, especially for those with moderate or severe HIE often accompanying by various serious complications. HIE seriously threatens life safety and affects their quality of life. This article reviewed its treatment progress in mild hypothermia, stem cell transplantation, remote ischemic postconditioning, hyperbaricoxygen and related drugs so as to improve the cure rate and reduce the incidence of sequelae in the treatment of HIE.