Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of dexmedetomidine in pediatric anesthesia. Methods A total of 116 children who underwent general anesthesia in our hospital were selected and divided into dexmedetomidine group(n=58)and propofol group(n=58). Hemodynamics, postoperative pain, agitation quantification score, surgical effect were compared between the two groups. Results There were no differences in anesthesia time, extubation time, and wake-up time between the two groups(P>0.05). Compared with the propofol group, the dexmedetomidine group had lower rate of agitation, pain score, and incidence of agitation(P<0.05 ); there was no difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting between the two groups(P>0.05); the mean arterial pressure at time point of T₁ in the dexmedetomidine group was lower(P<0.05), and heart rates at time points of T₁ and T₃ were lower than those in the propofol group(P<0.05). Conclusion Maintained anesthesia of dexmedetomidine for children undergoing general anesthesia has stable hemodynamics, lower incidence of agitation, and less pain.