Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of orthodontic combined with prosthodontic therapy in treating patients with malocclusion and dentition defect. Methods A total of 80 patients with malocclusion and dentition defect admitted to our hospital were randomly divided into control group and study group. The patients in the control group were given dental orthodontic treatment, and those in the study group were given orthodontic combined with prosthodontic therapy. The therapeutic effect, dental function score and quality of life before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the study group and the control group was 97.50% and 80.00% respectively, and there were significant differences (P < 0.05); after treatment, the scores of chewing function, language function, comfort, aesthetics in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the quality of life score of the pa- tients was (56.23 ± 1.62) in the study group and (79.66 ± 2.05) in the control group, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The scores of dental fixation, debris index, adhesion index of plaque in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with single orthodontic treatment, the combination of orthodontic combined with prosthodontic therapy is helpful to improve the chewing function and speech function, enhance the tooth beauty degree, and ensure higher safety and less adverse reactions.