Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of Wenyang Kanghan Decoction combined with western medicine in treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Methods A total of 114 patients with acute onset of chronic bronchitis were randomly divided into control group (n=59) and observation group (n=55). The control group was given conventional western medicine treatment, and the treatment group was given Wenyang Kanghan Decoction on the basis of the control group. Clinical efficacy, TCM syndrome score and Leicester cough questionnaire (LCQ) score were compared in the two groups, and the changes of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in the two groups were analyzed. Results The total effective rate in the treatment group was 90.91%, which significantly higher than 86.44% in the control group (P< 0.05). After treatment, TCM syndrome score and IL-2R, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P< 0.05); the social, psychological and physiological scores as well as LCQ total score of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P< 0.05). Conclusion Wenyang Kanghan Decoction combined with western medicine has a better effect in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis differentiated as kidney-yang deficiency syndrome, which can improve the immune level of patients and enhance the quality of life.